A Comparison of Battery and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles for Clean Transportation
Abstract
Burning fossil fuels for transportation is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to global warming, air pollution, and health problems. Research estimates that cars alone emit more than 300 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year due to the internal combustion engines that use fossil fuels. In contrast to fossil fuel vehicles, electric vehicles have zero tailpipe emissions. Therefore, countries around the world are making efforts to use electric vehicles instead of fossil fuels. Two of the available alternatives to internal-combustion engines are battery and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. This work investigates the basic functionalities and current advancements of battery and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. A comprehensive comparison of the benefits and drawbacks of each technology is provided, along with future forecasts for transportation.
References
- 1.U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data. Available online: https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data (accessed on 20 February 2023).Link
- 2.García-Olivares, A., Solé, J., & Osychenko, O. (2018). Transportation in a 100% renewable energy system. Energy Conversion and Management, 158, 266-285.
- 3.König, A., Nicoletti, L., Schröder, D., Wolff, S., Waclaw, A., & Lienkamp, M. (2021). An overview of parameter and cost for battery electric vehicles. World Electric Vehicle Journal, 12(1), 21.
- 4.Safari, M. (2018). Battery electric vehicles: Looking behind to move forward. Energy Policy, 115, 54-65.
- 5.Hoekstra, A. (2019). The underestimated potential of battery electric vehicles to reduce emissions. Joule, 3(6), 1412-1414.
- 6.Eberle, U., Müller, B., & Von Helmolt, R. (2012). Fuel cell electric vehicles and hydrogen infrastructure: status 2012. Energy & Environmental Science, 5(10), 8780-8798.
- 7.Muthukumar, M., Rengarajan, N., Velliyangiri, B., Omprakas, M. A., Rohit, C. B., & Raja, U. K. (2021). The development of fuel cell electric vehicles–A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 45, 1181-1187.
- 8.Tanç, B., Arat, H. T., Baltacıoğlu, E., & Aydın, K. (2019). Overview of the next quarter century vision of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(20), 10120-10128.
- 9.Cunanan, C., Tran, M. K., Lee, Y., Kwok, S., Leung, V., & Fowler, M. (2021). A review of heavy-duty vehicle powertrain technologies: Diesel engine vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. Clean Technologies, 3(2), 474-489.
Endiz, M. S. (2023). A Comparison of Battery and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles for Clean Transportation. *Orclever Proceedings of Research and Development*, 2(1), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.56038/oprd.v2i1.230
Bibliographic Info